Andrew J. Green
Research Professor at the Doñana Biological Station (EBD-CSIC)
The study is of high quality, the product of an exhaustive compilation of evidence from hundreds of recent and historical studies conducted in many European countries and published in several languages.
It gives us for the first time an insight into the relative importance of different animals as plant dispersers, including ants, roe deer, ducks, lizards, fish, to give a few examples. It highlights the consequences of rapid reductions in the population sizes of many animal species for plants through the major ecosystem service of seed dispersal. Plants have to move to adapt to global warming and without animals they cannot. The conservation of any animal species has positive effects for the plants it disperses.
There are many interactions between animal and plant species that have not yet been studied, and therefore are not reflected in the study. This study demonstrates the enormous importance of animals as vectors for all types of flowering plants (angiosperms). However, previous research has been heavily biased towards the 8 % of plant species that have a fleshy fruit, with too few studies directed at the animals that disperse the other 92 %.