Reacción a "Reactions to suspected cases of monkeypox in Spain"
Mar Faraco
Former president and current secretary of the Association of Foreign Medical Doctors (AMSE) and head of the Servicio de Sanidad Exterior in Huelva
It is not a new disease, it is a known but very marginal zoonosis. Outside Africa there are few cases, imported cases, which have infected people close to them with whom they had close contact, such as the spouse who cared for them. What is special about the cases detected now in the United Kingdom? (I have no information about those identified in Spain). There are several cases where there does not seem to be a link with African countries, it is not known where the virus comes from, and that is unusual.
Does it mean that there are more cases that are only now, that we are looking at, will start to come out? We don't know yet. It's a disease that gives symptoms, but they may be mild and the infected person may not go to the doctor. Or they may go and be diagnosed with chickenpox.
Lethality is low but it depends on the context, it is not the same for an adult to be infected as it is for a child. And a major outbreak seems unlikely. The disease is spread by close contact.
The fact that several of the cases are between men who have sex with men does not imply that it is a sexually transmitted disease as such. Sex involves close contact, and anal sex is more likely to involve lesions on the skin or mucous membranes, which may encourage transmission.
The risk of a major outbreak in Spain is very low. If there were, we are not in any way in a situation similar to that of covid-19. This is a known disease, there are antiviral treatments that, although not approved for this indication, are known to work, and we have vaccines: the human smallpox vaccine and also the more recent one specific against this monkeypox virus. There is very little of both right now, it wouldn't be quick to have enough for everybody, but it wouldn't be like starting from scratch without a vaccine.