Andrew J. Green
Research Professor at the Doñana Biological Station (EBD-CSIC)
The situation is very sad regarding the degradation of Doñana due to agricultural activities. I, who have been studying and living in the area for 30 years, have seen how it has deteriorated as a result of the growth of greenhouses. I fear that the situation is even worse because many things are missing from the analysis: for example, there is no mention of the degradation of the streams, which are also very important because they provide water to the marshes, such as the Rocina and the Partido, which have also lost much of their flow due to a decrease in the water table, which has reduced the flow of the streams by more than half.
And not only that, these crops are also associated with the hypertrophication of the water because a large part of the fertilisers they use end up contaminating the aquifer. The water in the aquifer is contaminated with many nutrients, many nitrates and many phosphates that end up polluting these streams and also the marshes, turning the Doñana marshes into a green filter, which contaminates the water with these pollutants.
The lack of interest in acting quickly can only be explained by short-termism because it has been evident for a long time that this extraction of water for Doñana is not at all sustainable in the medium and long term. Personally, I have been calling for years for the need to reduce these extractions instead of increasing them because the scientific evidence has been there for many years, even with the toxic spill at Aznalcóllar in 1998, we already knew that the water contributions from these streams, such as the Rocina, had been reduced by more or less half. Since then, the situation has become much worse.