Rafael Marcos Gragera

Despite considerable advances in the discovery and development of new cancer drugs, there are significant disparities in both the availability and timeliness of these medicines around the world, with the poorest countries being left out, according to an analysis published in the journal BMJ Global Health. According to the study, few new cancer drugs were launched in low- and lower-middle-income countries, and the gap between rich and poor countries widened over the three decades between 1990 and 2022.

Prostate cancer screening tests using PSA (Prostate Specific Antigen) are associated with overdiagnosis, which calls into question their use. A clinical trial in men aged 50-60 years published in the journal NEJM has studied the possibility of adding an MRI test in those with an elevated PSA level and dispensing with biopsy if imaging finds no suspicious lesions. The results indicate that the procedure avoids more than half of clinically irrelevant cancer diagnoses that would not need treatment and only slightly increases the risk of failing to identify those that may become incurable. The authors recommend, on the basis of the study, to review the recommendations for such screening.

A study has analyzed data on prostate cancer incidence and mortality in 26 countries in Europe between 1980 and 2020. Its findings are that new diagnoses have increased due to the widespread use of PSA [prostate-specific antigen] testing, but mortality rates have not benefited in parallel. This suggests possible overdiagnosis, i.e., the detection of harmless tumors that are unlikely to cause symptoms or death in the patient's lifetime. The results are published in the journal The BMJ. 

International research estimates that by 2024 there will be approximately 1,270,800 deaths from different types of cancer in the European Union (EU) as a whole. In the specific case of colorectal cancer, the researchers estimate that mortality rates will increase among people aged between 25 and 49 in the EU. In Spain, the increase will be 5.5 % in men. The authors of the research, published in the Annals of Oncology, attribute this increased mortality to overweight, obesity and alcohol consumption in this age group.

Un estudio ha estimado las muertes por cáncer que se producirán en la Unión Europea y el Reino Unido en 2023. Comparándolas con las observadas en 2018, estiman que se reducirán en un 6,5 % en hombres y un 3,7 % en mujeres de forma global. Sin embargo, en España aumentará la mortalidad por cáncer de pulmón en mujeres. Los resultados se publican en la revista Annals of Oncology. 

A study published in The Lancet finds that 44.4% of cancer deaths worldwide are due to preventable risk factors, especially smoking, alcohol consumption and being overweight.