Silvia de Sanjosé

In 2024, some 2.3 million new cases of cancer worldwide were linked to infections — 12 per cent of all cases diagnosed that year — according to a study published in the journal The Lancet Oncology. Almost all of these cases are linked to five pathogens: the stomach bacterium Helicobacter pylori, the human papillomavirus (HPV), the hepatitis B and C viruses, and the Epstein-Barr virus. Low- and middle-income countries account for 77 per cent of all infection-related cancer cases.

Given current vaccination and cervical cancer screening campaigns, high-income countries could eliminate this disease by around 2048, according to a study published in The Lancet. However, the incidence of this cancer in low- and middle-income countries would decline by only 23% over this period if current trends continue, the article states. Elimination is defined as an incidence of fewer than four cases per 100,000 women.