SMC Spain

The seventh Annual Report of the COSCE Transparency Agreement, prepared by the European Animal Research Association, which analyses transparency in the use of animals for scientific experimentation in Spain in 2023, was presented today. According to the document, transparency is consolidated among the signatory institutions -168 in 2024- and all of them publish a statement on their websites on the use of animals. Public mention of the number and species used stands at 47%, compared to 38% the previous year.

The fifth session of the United Nations Intergovernmental Negotiating Committee to develop an international legally binding instrument on plastic pollution (INC-5) ended without a treaty in Busan, South Korea, in the early hours of the morning. The more than 100 countries participating in what was to be the final round of negotiations have agreed to continue negotiating, reports Reuters.

At least two hominin species - Homoerectus and Paranthropus boisei- coexisted in Kenya's Turkana Basin around 1.5 million years ago, a study published in Science confirms. The authors describe the first physical evidence of this coexistence in the form of footprints, found at several sites in the area.

According to a study published in Science, social media content containing misinformation provokes more moral outrage than content containing accurate information, and this outrage facilitates the spread of misinformation. In addition, the results also showed that people are more likely to share this outrage-provoking misinformation without reading it first. 

Ten of the 16 stadiums that will host the 2026 FIFA Men's World Cup in Mexico, the United States and Canada are at ‘very high’ risk of extreme heat stress conditions, according to a study published in Scientific Reports. Using data from the Copernicus Climate Change Service, the analysis concludes that the risk will be highest at stadiums in Arlington, Houston (USA) and Monterrey (Mexico).

Benralizumab is a monoclonal antibody used in the maintenance treatment of severe asthma. Now, a phase 2 clinical trial has tested its use in asthma attacks or exacerbations of COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) in 158 patients. The results, published in The Lancet Respiratory Medicine, indicate that it was more effective than standard corticosteroid-based treatment and that more patients responded to it. According to the authors, these data could be ‘a game changer’ in the treatment of this type of attack.

An analysis of the gut microbiota of children growing up on farms or with pets shows that early establishment of anaerobic commensal bacteria is associated with lower rates of allergy later in life. The study, which used data from 65 children aged between three days and 18 months, is published in the journal PLOS ONE. 

A study by Italian researchers has tested a treatment administered as a nasal spray to slow down early-stage Alzheimer's disease. Administered in mice, the treatment inhibits an enzyme linked to the disease and to insulin resistance. According to the researchers, who publish the work in the journal PNAS, application of the spray to the animals “can counteract the accumulation of harmful proteins in neurons and delay the onset and progression of cognitive decline”. 

En un parque nacional del norte de la India, una investigación ha revelado que hay hombres que usan las tecnologías de vigilancia de la fauna para observar a mujeres sin su consentimiento e intimidarlas. El estudio, realizado por la Universidad de Cambridge (Reino Unido), describe cómo individuos de pueblos cercanos al bosque y de gobiernos locales hacen un mal uso de cámaras, grabadoras de sonido y drones, originalmente destinados a vigilar áreas protegidas con fines de conservación de animales. Esas tecnologías “son fácilmente captadas para fines ajenos a la conservación que refuerzan normas patriarcales y propagan la violencia estructural de género”, denuncia la investigación, que se publica en Environment and Planning F. 

In the early hours of the morning, after more than two weeks of negotiations and on the verge of collapse, participants at COP29 in Baku (Azerbaijan) reached an agreement to set the new climate finance target. In the end, at least 300 billion dollars a year will be contributed by rich countries to the least developed countries until 2035, within a broader global commitment of up to 1.3 trillion dollars directed at these same countries. The renewal of this target was part of the Paris Agreement and will enable governments to support developing countries in their climate action on adaptation, mitigation and damage from the climate crisis. The previous target - set at the Copenhagen Summit in 2009 - was $100 billion per year.